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quaternary salt - traduction vers russe
![[[Distearyldimethylammonium chloride]], an early generation [[fabric softener]] with low [[biodegradability]] that was phased out.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/C18x2Me2Cl.png?width=200 "[[Distearyldimethylammonium chloride]], an early generation [[fabric softener]] with low [[biodegradability]] that was phased out.")
 related to fabric softeners.png?width=200 "Another diesterquat, a contemporary fabric softener.")
медицина
четвертичная соль
![Artist's impression of Earth during the [[Last Glacial Maximum]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/IceAgeEarth.jpg?width=200 "Artist's impression of Earth during the [[Last Glacial Maximum]]")
Définition
Wikipédia
In chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. Unlike the ammonium ion (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution. Quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium compounds (called quaternary amines in oilfield parlance) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations. Polyquats are a variety of engineered polymer forms which provide multiple quat molecules within a larger molecule.
Quats are used in consumer applications including as antimicrobials (such as detergents and disinfectants), fabric softeners, and hair conditioners. As an antimicrobial, they are able to inactivate enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2). Quats tend to be gentler on surfaces than bleach-based disinfectants, and are generally fabric-safe.
